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Today in History ~ October 12
Columbus Day
Events1285 - 180 Jews refuse baptism in Munich, Germany; they are set on fire
1366 - King Frederick III of Siciliy forbids decorations on synagogues
1492 - Christopher Columbus sets foot in America, making his first landing in the New World on one of the Bahama Islands. Columbus believed he had reached India. [H]
1518 - Pontifical ambassador interrogates Martin Luther
1609 - Children's rhyme "Three Blind Mice," published in London
1659 - English Rump government fires John Lambert & other generals
1692 - Massachusetts Bay discontinues witch trials
1775 - US Navy forms
1776 - British Brigade begins guarding Throgs Necks Road in Bronx
1792 - Columbus Day is 1st celebrated
1798 - Friedrich von Schiller's "Wallenstein's Camp," premieres in Weimar
1823 - Charles Macintosh of Scotland begins selling raincoats (Macs)
1833 - Charles Darwin begins return trip to Buenos Aires
1850 - 1st women's medical school (Women's Medical College of Penns), opens
1860 - British & French troops capture Beijing
1861 - Confederate ironclad Manassas attack Union's Richmond on Mississippi
1861 - First ironclad in the U.S. Navy, USS St. Louis, launched at Carondelet, Maryland
1862 - JEB Stuart completes his "2nd ride around McClellan"
1862 - Skirmish at Monocacy, Maryland
1871 - President Grant condemns Ku Klux Klan
1879 - British troops occupy Kabul Afghanistan
1881 - Henry M Stanley signs contract with Congo monarch
1886 - Start of Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of 2nd Stain"
1892 - Pledge of Allegiance 1st recited in public schools
1899 - The Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State in southern Africa declared war on the British. The Boer War ended May 31, 1902, by the Treaty of Vereeniging.
1901 - Theodore Roosevelt renames "Executive Mansion," to "The White House"
1914 - 1st battle at Ypres, begins
1915 - Ford Motor Company manufactures its 1 millionth Model T automobile
1915 - Theodore Roosevelt criticizes US citizens who identify themselves with dual nationalities
1918 - 1st use of iron lung (Boston's Children Hospital)
1918 - Forest fire in Minnesota & Northern Wisconsin kills about 800
1920 - Construction begins on Holland Tunnel connecting NJ & NYC
1920 - Man O'War's last race & win
1933 - Alcatraz becomes a federal prison (unofficially)
1933 - Bank robber John Dillinger escaped from a jail in Allen County, Ohio, with the help of his gang, who killed the sheriff.
1935 - Cole Porter's musical "Jubilee," premieres in NYC
1940 - Hitler begins operation SeaLion (invasion of England)
1941 - Russian government moves from Moscow to Volga as Nazis close in on Moscow
1942 - US Navy defeats Japanese in WW II Battle of Cape Esperance
1942 - During World War II, President Franklin Roosevelt delivered one of his so-called "fireside chats" in which he recommended the drafting of 18- and 19-year-old men.
1943 - US bombs Rabaul, New Britain
1944 - German army retreats from Athens
1949 - Eugenie Anderson becomes 1st woman ambassador nominated in US
1953 - US and Greece signs peace treaty (US bases)
1957 - Canadian Prime Minister Lester Bowles Pearson wins Nobel Peace Prize
1960 - JFK & Richard Nixon's 3rd presidential debate
1960 - Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev disrupted a U.N. General Assembly session by removing one of his shoes and pounding it on his desk during a dispute.
1963 - Archaeological digs begin at Masada, Israel
1964 - The Soviet Union launched a Voskhod space capsule with a three-man crew on the first manned mission involving more than one crew member.
1968 - The summer Games of the 19th Olympiad officially opened in Mexico City.
1971 - The rock opera "Jesus Christ Superstar" opened at the Mark Hellinger Theatre on Broadway.
1972 - 46 sailors injured in race riot on aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk
1973 - Israeli counter offensive in southern Syria
1973 - Juan Peron again elected president of Argentina
1973 - President Nixon nominates House Minority Leader Gerald Ford of Michigan for the vice presidency to replace Spiro Agnew -- who had resigned in disgrace two days earlier. When Nixon resigned, Ford became president. One of his first acts was to pardon Richard Nixon. When elections came up again in 1976, Ford was summarily voted out.
1975 - Archbishop Oliver Plunkett becomes 1st Irish-born saint in 700 years. He was beheaded by Cromwell's troops.
1976 - It was announced in China that Hua Guo-feng had been named to succeed the late Mao Tse-tung as chairman of the Communist Party.
1977 - US Supreme Court heard arguments in "reverse discrimination" case of Allan Bakke, white student denied admission to U of Calif Med School
1978 - Representatives of Israel & Egypt open talks in Washington
1978 - Sid Vicious charged in murder of girlfriend Nancy Spungen
1984 - British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher escaped injury in the bombing of a hotel in Brighton, England. Four people were killed in the attack, blamed on the Irish Republican Army.
1987 - Oscar Arias (Costa Rican Pres) wins Nobel Peace Prize
1988 - Israel & China sign trade deal, plan diplomatic relations
1989 - Herschel Walker is traded from Cowboys to Vikings for 12 players
1991 - Testifying for a second day on sexual harassment charges leveled by law professor Anita Hill, Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas told the Senate Judiciary Committee he'd "rather die than withdraw," and repeated his denial of Hill's allegations.
1991 - Doug Flutie of BC Lions sets CFL passing record of 582 yards despite losing to Edmonton 45-38 in overtime
1991 - Iran agreed to withdraw its 1,500 Revolutionary Guards from Lebanon.
1992 - 5.8 earthquake at Cairo (at least 510 die)
1992 - Arecibo radio telescope begins Microwave search for occupied planets (none found, to date)
1992 - More than 500 people were killed and thousands injured when an earthquake rocked Cairo, Egypt.
1992 - This was the 500th anniversary of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World.
1993 - New Delhi announced that more than 9,700 people had died in an earthquake the previous month in southern India.
1995 - A cease-fire took effect in Bosnia-Herzegovina.
1996 - Thousands of Hispanic-Americans marched in Washington to push for simplified citizenship procedures and a $7 minimum wage.
1999 - The elected government of Pakistan was overthrown in an apparently bloodless military coup. Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and several other leaders were arrested.
2000 - Chinese writer Gao Xingjian won the Nobel literature prize.
2000 - 17 sailors were killed when an explosion rocked the U.S.S. Cole as it refueled in Yemen. President Clinton blamed the attack on accused terrorist Osama bin Laden.
Birthdays Today
1537 - Edward VI, Tudor, King of England (1547-53)
1713 - Johann Ludwig Krebs, composer
1742 - Johan Peter Melchior, German sculptor
1759 - Frantisek Vaclav Tomes, composer
1815 - William Joseph Hardee, Lt Gen (Confederate Army), died in 1873
1855 - Arthur Nikisch, Szent-Miklos Hungary, conductor (Berlin Philharmonic)
1860 - Elmer Sperry devised practical uses for the gyroscope, (inventor: Sperry Automatic Pilot; founder: Sperry-Rand Corp.)
1872 - Ralph Vaughan Williams, Down Amp England, composer (Hugh the Drover)
1875 - Aleister [Edward S] Crowley, (75 pseudonyms), British occultist
1891 - Perle Mesta (Skirvin) (socialite)
1906 - Joe Cronin (Baseball Hall of Famer: Washington Senators: shortstop: World Series [1933], Boston Red Sox: World Series [1946]; American League president; American League Chairman)
1919 - Andre Casanova, composer
1923 - Jean Nidetch (diet mogul: founder of Weight Watchers)
1932 - Dick Gregory, comedian/political activist/dietician (Bahamian Diet)
1932 - Mayer Joel Mandelbaum, composer
1932 - Ned Jarrett (auto racer: NASCAR Hall of Famer: 50 Grand National victories)
1935 - Joan Rivers (Molinsky) (comedienne, author, TV host: The Tonight Show, The Late Show Starring Joan Rivers: "Can we talk?")
1935 - Luciano Pavarotti (Emmy Award-winning opera star: Pavarotti in Philadelphia: La Boheme [1982-83]; actor: Yes, Giorgio)
1935 - Luciano Pavarotti, Modena Italy, operatic tenor (Rigoletto, Pagliacci, 3 Tenors)
1935 - Samuel Moore (singer: group: Sam & Dave: Hold On! I'm a Comin', Soul Man, I Thank You, Soul Sister Brown Sugar)
1936 - Tony Kubek (baseball: NY Yankees outfielder/shortstop: Rookie of the Year [1957]; broadcaster: Toronto Blue Jays, NBC's Game of the Week)
1939 - Jerry Hill (football: Baltimore Colts running back: Super Bowl III, V)
1940 - Lawrence Jeffrey (hockey)
1948 - Rick Parfitt (singer, musician:guitars: group: Status Quo: LPs: Piledriver, Hello, On the Level, Blue for You, 1982)
1949 - Dan Medlin (football: Oakland Raiders guard: Super Bowl XI)
1949 - Glenn Beckert (baseball)
1950 - Ronald E. McNair (physicist, astronaut: mission specialist aboard the ill-fated Challenger Space Shuttle)
1950 - Susan Anton (singer: Killin' Time [w/Fred Knoblock]; actress: Cannonball Run 2, Goldengirl, Baywatch, Stop Susan Williams)
1951 - Jeff Winans (football)
1951 - Sally Little (golf champion: Nabisco Dinah Shore [1982], Du Maurier Classic [1988], LPGA [1980])
1968 - Adam Rich (actor: Eight is Enough, The Devil & Max Devlin, Zertigo Diamond Caper, Code Red)
1969 - Nancy Ann Kerrigan, Woburn Mass, figure skater (Olympics-silver-1994)
1970 - Charlie Ward (football: Florida State quarterback: Heisman Trophy winner [1993])
1970 - Kirk Cameron (actor: Growing Pains, Listen to Me, The Best of Times, Like Father, like Son, Two Marriages)
Famous deaths
1320 - Michael IX Paleologi, emperor of Byzantine (1295-1320), dies
1654 - Rembrandt Carel Fabritius, painter, dies in an accident
1692 - Giovanni Battista Vitali, composer, dies at 60
1694 - Japanese Poet Basho Died
1864 - Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney dies in Washington, D.C.
1870 - Robert E Lee, General of Confederate Army, died in Lexington, Va., at age 63.
1915 - English nurse Edith Cavell was executed by the Germans in occupied Belgium during World War I. [H]
1924 - Anatole France, French satiric master (Penguin Island, Revolt of the Angels, Thais), Nobel 1920, dies at 80
1946 - Joseph W Stilwell, US general (China), dies
1969 - Serge Poliakoff, Russ/French painter, dies
1969 - Sonja Henie, figure skater (Olympic-gold-1928, 32, 36), dies at 57
1971 - Dean G Acheson, US foreign minister (1949-53), dies at 78
1987 - Alfred M Landon, former Kansas Gov/Rep Pres candidate, dies at his Topeka home at 100
1997 - John Denver, country star (Country Road, Annie's Song), dies in plain crash at 53
1998 - University of Wyoming student Matthew Shepard died, five days after the 21-year-old gay man was being beaten, robbed and left tied to a fence outside of Laramie, Wyoming
If you have other Birthdays or events to add for this day please E-mail me
Yesterday Tomorrow
