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Today in History ~ August 31
Merdeka Day (Independence Day) in Malaysia
Independence Day in Kyrgyzstan
National Day in Trinidad & Tobago
Events1385 - English King Richard the Second invaded Scotland with a force estimated at 80-thousand men.
1535 - Pope Paul II deposed & excommunicated King Henry VIII
1745 - Bonnie Prince Charlie reaches Blair Castle Scotland
1751 - English troops under sir Robert Clive occupy Arcot India
1778 - British kill 17 Stockbridge Indians in Bronx during Revolution
1829 - Giachinno Rossini's final opera "William Tell" is produced in Paris
1835 - Angry mob in Charleston, South Carolina, seizes U-S mail containing abolitionist literature and burned it in public.
1842 - Micah Rugg patents a nuts & bolts machine
1842 - US Naval Observatory authorized by an act of Congress
1850 - The California Pioneers organized at Montgomery & Clay Streets.
1864 - Atlanta Campaign-Battle of Jonesboro Georgia, 1900 casualties
1865 - Federal government estimates the American Civil War had cost about eight-billion dollars. Human costs have been estimated at more than one-million killed or wounded.
1886 - Crocker-Woolworth National Bank organized.
1886 - An earthquake rocked Charleston, S.C., killing up to 110 people.
1887, Thomas A. Edison received a patent for his "kinetoscope," a device which produced moving pictures.
1888 - Mary Ann Nicholls was found murdered in London's East End in what is generally regarded as the first slaying committed by Jack the Ripper. [H]
1889 - Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Cardboard Box"
1889 - Thomas Edison's invents the kinetoscope, which was the forerunner of the motion-picture film projector.
1897 - General Kitchener occupies Berber, North of Khartoum
1897 - Thomas Edison patented his movie camera (Kinetograph)
1900 - British troops overrun Johannesburg
1903 - A Packard automobile completed a 52-day journey from San Francisco to New York, becoming the first car to cross the nation under its own power.
1907 - England, Russia & France form Triple Entente
1909 - A J Reach Co patents cork-centered baseball
1911 - Anthony Fokker's demonstrates aircraft "Snip"
1914 - Germany defeats Russia (battle at Tannenberg/30,000 Russians die)
1919 - John Reed forms American Communist Labor Party in Chicago
1919 - Petlyura's Ukrainian Army kills 35 members of a Jewish defense group, recaptures Kiev
1923 - Mussolini's troops occupy Korfu
1928 - Brecht & Weils "Three-Penny Opera" premieres in Berlin
1935 - President Roosevelt signed an act prohibiting the export of U.S. arms to belligerents.
1939 - Japanese invasion army driven out of Mongolia
1939 - Staged "Polish" assault on radio station in Gleiwitz by Nazis dressed as Poles to "provoke" war, excuse for Gerrmany to invade Poland tomorrow to start World War II [H]
1940 - US National Guard assembles
1941 - Great Gildersleeve, a spin-off of Fibber McGee & Molly debuts on NBC
1944 - French provisional government moves from Algiers to Paris
1944 - French troops liberate Bordeaux
1951 - 1st 33 1/3 (LP) album introduced in Dusseldorf
1954 - Hurricane Carol hit the northeastern United States, resulting in nearly 70 deaths.
1955 - 1st sun-powered automobile demonstrated, Chicago, Ill
1957 - Malayasia (formerly Malaya) gains independence from Britain (Merdeka Day)
1962 - Trinidad & Tobago gain independence from Britain (National Day)
1965 - House of Reps joins Senate to establish Dept of Housing & Urban Development
1968 - 12,000 die in 7.8 quake destroys 60,000 buildings in NE Iran
1970 - Peter Yarrow (of Peter, Paul & Mary) arrested for taking "immoral liberties" with girl, 14
1971 - Dave Scott becomes 1st person to drive a car on Moon
1972 - Olga Korbut, USSR, wins olympic gold medal in gymnastics
1975 - Former Teamsters' president James Hoffa reported missing
1976 - George Harrison found guilty of plagurizing "My Sweet Lord"
1977 - Ian Smith, espousing racial segregation, wins Rhodesian general election with 80% of overwhelmingly white electorate's vote
1978 - Emily & William Harris plead guilty to 1974 kidnapping of Patty Hearst
1980 - Poland's Solidarity labor movement was born with an agreement signed in Gdansk that ended a 17-day-old strike.
1985 - Richard Ramirez, later convicted of California's "Night Stalker" killings, was captured by residents of an East Los Angeles neighborhood. [H]
1986 - 82 people were killed, including 15 on the ground, when an Aeromexico jetliner and a small private plane collided over Cerritos, Calif.
1988 - 5-day power blackout of downtown Seattle begins
1988 - Arbitrator George Nicolau rules owners conspired against free agents
1988 - 14 people were killed when a Delta Boeing 727 crashed during takeoff from Dallas-Fort Worth Airport.
1989 - Arbitrator T Roberts orders owners to pay $105 million for collusion
1990 - East & West Germany sign a treaty to join legal & political systems
1991 - In Washington D.C., hundreds of thousands of union members marched in a "Solidarity Day" protest.
1991 - Kyrgyzstan The Land of "Tien Shan" (Heavenly Mountains) Uzbekistan and Kirghizia declared their independence, raising to 10 the number of republics seeking to secede and leaving only five republics with membership in the Soviet Union.
1991 - Serbia accepted a European Community proposal that included international observers to oversee a cease-fire in Croatia.
1992 - Randy Weaver surrendered, ending an 11-day siege of his Idaho mountain cabin that cost the lives of his wife, teenage son, and a U.S. marshal.
1992 - 44th Emmy Awards: Northern Exposure, Christopher Lloyd & Dana Delane
1992 - Dynamite explosion in Philipines mine; 500 die
1993 - The Israeli government agreed in principle a plan for interim Palestinian self-rule of the Gaza Strip and the
West Bank town of Jericho.
1993 - Venezuela president Carlos Perez flees
1994 - Last Russian soldiers leave Estonia & Latvia
1994 - Northern Ireland Sinn Fein proclaims ceases-fire following six months of secret talks with Britain.
1994 - Pentium computer beats world chess champ Gari Kasparov
1996 - Seven people drowned when their vehicle rolled into John D. Long Lake in Union, S.C.; they had gone to see a monument to the sons of Susan Smith, who had drowned the two boys in October 1994.
1997 - Lady Diana Spencer, the former wife of Charles, prince of Wales, was killed with her companion Dodi Fayed in a car accident in Paris. [H]
1999 - One person was killed and 40 more injured in a bomb blast at a Moscow shopping center. The Russian government blamed terrorists from the breakaway republic of Chechnya.
2000 - President Clinton vetoed a bill that would have gradually repealed inheritance taxes, saying it would have benefited the wealthiest Americans while threatening the nation's financial well-being.
Birthdays Today
0012 - Caligula, [Gaius Cesar], 3rd Roman emperor (37-41 AD)
0161 - Lucius A A Coomodus, emperor of Rome (180-91)
1741 - Johann Paul Aegidius Martini, composer
1811 - Theophile Gautier, Tarbes France, writer/poet (Albertus)
1822 - Fitz John Porter, Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1901
1834 - Amilcare Ponchielli, Paderno Italy, composer (La Gioconda)
1870 - Maria Montessori, Italy, educator (spontaneous response)
1885 - DuBose Heyward, novelist (Porgy)
1897 - Frederic March (Ernest Frederick McIntyre Bickel) (Academy Award-winning actor: Dr. Jekyl & Mr. Hyde [1931-32], The Best Years of Our Lives [1946]; The Iceman Cometh, A Christmas Carol, Inherit the Wind,
Alexander the Great)
1899 - Paul E Garber, US founder/1st curator of National Air & Space Museum
1903 - Arthur Godfrey (ukulele playing, TV/radio entertainer: Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts, Arthur Godfrey and Friends; Lipton Tea commercials)
1903 - Bernard Lovell, England, radio astronomer, founded Jodrell Bank
1907 - William Shawn (magazine editor: The New Yorker)
1908 - William Saroyan (Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright: The Time of Your Life [1940]; The Human Comedy)
1912 - Ramon Vinay, operatic tenor/baritone
1916 - Daniel Schorr (journalist: CBS News, CNN)
1918 - Alan Jay Lerner (Songwriters Hall of Famer: Academy Award-winner: Gigi [score and title song, 1958], An American in Paris [screenplay, 1951]; lyricist: Brigadoon, Paint Your Wagon, Camelot, My Fair Lady; half of
songwriting team of Lerner & Loewe; Grammy Award-winner: On a Clear Day You Can See Forever [1969])
1918 - Alan Jay Lerner, lyricist composer (Lerner & Loewe-My Fair Lady)
1919 - Richard Basehart (actor: Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea; Marilyn: The Untold Story, The Andersonville Trial, The Brothers Karamazov, Moby Dick)
1924 - Buddy Hackett (Leonard Hacker) (comedian, actor: The Love Bug, The Music Man; cartoon voices: The Little Mermaid)
1927 - Warren Berlinger (actor: Love American Style, Sex and the Single Parent, The World According to Garp)
1928 - James Coburn (actor: Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit, The Great Escape, Our Man Flint, The President's Analyst, Hudson Hawk, Charade, The Magnificent Seven)
1935 - Eldridge Cleaver (black activist)
1935 - Frank Robinson (Baseball Hall of Famer, Baseball Writers' Award: Cincinnati Reds outfielder [1961], Baltimore Orioles [1966]; first black manager; Rookie of the Year [1956])
1939 - Jerry Allison (musician: drums: group: The Crickets: That'll be the Day; songwriter w/Sunny Curtis)
1945 - Itzhak Perlman, Tel Aviv Israel, violinist/polio victim (14 Grammys)
1945 - Van Morrison (songwriter, singer: group: Them: Gloria; solo: Brown Eyed Girl, Domino, Blue Money, She Gives Me Religion)
1947 - Carl Garrett (football: Oakland Raiders running back: Super Bowl XI)
1948 - Richard Gere (actor: An Officer and a Gentleman, Pretty Woman, American Gigolo, Looking for Mr. Goodbar, The Cotton Club)
1954 - Claudell Washington (baseball: NY Yankees)
1958 - Edwin Moses (Olympic Gold Medalist [1976, 1984] & Hall of Famer: 400-meter hurdles: the first athlete to use 13 strides between hurdles; 1983 winner of Sullivan Award: the U.S. outstanding amateur athlete)
1958 - Von Hayes (baseball: Philadelphia Phillies)
1960 - Tony DeFranco (singer: group: The DeFranco Family: Heartbeat, It's a Lovebeat)
1969 - Andrew Phillip Cunanan, serial killer (Gianni Versache)
1970 - Debbie Gibson (singer: Only in My Dreams, Foolish Beat, Lost in Your Eyes, Les Miserables; writer: Between the Lines; perfume: Electric Youth)
Famous deaths
1057 - Leofric, count of Mercia/husband of Lady Godiva
1158 - Sancho III, King of Castilia,
1218 - Al-Malik ab-Adil/Saphadin/Saif al-Din), brother of Saladin,
1422 - Henry V, King of England (1413-22)/France (1416-19)
1667 - Johann Rist, composer, dies at 60
1688 - John Bunyan, preacher/novelist/author (Pilgrim's Progress),
1795 - Franxois-Andre Danican Philidor, composer, dies at 68
1832 - Jean Nicolas Auguste Kreutzer, composer, dies at 53
1867 - [Pierre-]Charles Baudelaire, Fren poet (Journaux Intimes), dies at 46
1888 - First victim, prostitute Mary Ann Nichols, of "Jack the Ripper"
1902 - Mathilde Wesendonk, German author/poetess, dies at 73 (inspiration for Richard Wagner)
1963 - George F Braque, cubist painter, dies at 81 in Paris
1967 - Ilya G Ehrenburg, Russian poet/propagandist ("Russians, get your German!"), dies at 76
1969 - Rocky Marciano, former heavyweight champ, died in a light airplane crash in Iowa, a day before his 46th birthday
1973 - John Ford, US director (Mary of Scotland, Stagecoach), dies at 78
1979 - Sally Rand, stripper, dies at 75
1981 - Joseph H Hirschhorn, US art collector/founder H Museum, dies at 82
1986 - Henry Moore, English sculptor/cartoonist, dies at 88
1996 - Ljuba Welitsch, opera singer, dies at 83
1997 - Diana Spencer, princess of England, dies in car crash in Paris at 36 [H]
If you have other Birthdays or events to add for this day please E-mail me
Yesterday Tomorrow
