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Today in History ~ July 26
Events0811 - Battle at Pliska: Bulgarian under monarch Krum beat Byzantine
1267 - Inquistion forms in Rome under pope Clement IV
1497 - "Edward IV's son" Perkin Warbeck's army lands in Cork
1524 - James I (12) becomes king of Scotland
1529 - Francisco Pizarro appointed governor of Peru
1579 - Francis Drake leaves SF to cross Pacific Ocean
1588 - Catptain John Hawkins is knighted by Queen Elizabeth
1656 - Rembrandt declares he is insolvent
1758 - British battle fleet under gen James Wolfe conquerors Louisbourg
1759 - French troops evacuate Fort Ticonderoga NY
1775 - 1st Postmaster General: Benjamin Franklin of Pa takes office
1788 - Sydney, Australia settled by British colonists
1788 - New York became the 11th state to ratify the Constitution.
1790 - US passes Assumption bill making US responsible for state debts
1794 - After remaining uncharacteristcally silent for several weeks, Robespierre demands that the Natuional Convention punish "traitors" -- without naming them
1805 - Naples/Calabria struck by Earthquake; about 26,000 die
1822 - Secret meeting of Simon Bolivar & Jose de San Martin
1826 - Vilnius Lithuanian riots cause death of many Jews
1835 - 1st sugar cane plantation started in Hawaii
1847 - Liberia declares independence from American Colonization Society becoming Africa's first sovereign, black-ruled democratic nation.
1858 - Baron Lionel de Rothschild is 1st Jew elected to British Parliament
1863 - Battle of Salineville OH, John Hunt Morgan & 364 troops surrender
1864 - Battle at Ezra Chapel (Church), Georgia [Hood's Third Sortie]
1882 - Richard Wagner's final opera "Parsifal," premieres in Bayreuth, Germany
1887 - 1st Esperanto book published.
1908 - Predecessor of the FBI is created by the Department of Justice originally Office of the Chief Examiner, created when U.S. Attorney General Charles Bonaparte ordered a group of newly hired federal investigators to report to Chief Examiner Stanley W. Finch of the Department of Justice. It didn't become officially the FBI until 1935. [H]
1914 - Austrian-Hungary condemns Serbian ultimatum
1917 - J Edgar Hoover gets job in Justice Department
1926 - Philippines government asks US to plebiscite for independence
1939 - Yankee catcher Bill Dickey hits 3 consecutive HRs
1941 - Gen. Douglas MacArthur was named commander of U.S. forces in the Philippines.
1942 - RAF bombs Hamburg
1942 - RC churches protest, Dutch bishops stand against spread of Judaism
1943 - Otto Skorzeny's commando group arrives in Rome
1944 - Japanese suicide attack on US lines in Guam
1945 - Declaration of Potsdam: US/Brit/China demands Japanese surrender
1945 - Japanese government disregards US ultimatum
1945 - US cruiser Indianapolis reaches Tinian with atom bomb
1945 - Winston Churchill resigns as Britain's PM after his party's defeat against the Labour party, this was during the last stages of WW II; Clement Attlee succeeded as the Labour leader; first general election in 10 years [H]
1946 - President Truman orders desegregation of all US forces
1947 - Department of Defense established
1947 - President Harry Truman signed the National Security Act, creating the Department of Defense, the National Security Council, the Central Intelligence Agency and the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
1948 - 1st black host of a network show - CBS' Bob Howard Show
1948 - Pres Truman issues Executive Order No. 9981 directing "equality of treatment & opportunity" in armed forces and federal employment.
1952 - Argentina's 1st lady Eva Peron dies in Buenos Aires at 33
1952 - King Farouk I of Egypt abdicates [Black Saturday]
1952 - Mickey Mantle hits his 1st grand slammer
1953 - Fidel Castro begins rebellion, the "26th of July Movement," against Fulgenico Batista's regime; Fidel was captured and sent to prison
1953 - Korean War Armistice
1956 - Egypt under direction of President Gamal Abdel Nasser seizes the Suez Canal (some call it nationalized); the Suez Canal Crisis begins; this canal stretches 101 miles across the Isthmus of Suez, connecting the Mediterranean and Red seas, was first completed under the direction of French diplomat Ferdinand de Lesseps in 1869
1957 - Mickey Mantle hits career HR # 200
1957 - USSR launches 1st intercontinental multistage ballistic missile
1963 - Skopje, Yugoslavia, destroyed by earthquake, kills 1,000+
1963 - US Syncom 2 1st synchronous communications satellite launched
1964 - Teamsters president Jimmy Hoffa and six others were convicted of fraud and conspiracy in the handling of a union pension fund.
1965 - Republic of Maldives (Falkland Islands) gains independence from Britain (Natl Day)
1971 - Apollo 15 was launched from Cape Kennedy, Fla.
1973 - Peter Shaffer's "Equus," premieres in London
1974 - USSR's Soyuz failed to dock with Salyut 3.
1975 - Soyuz 18B returns to Earth
1981 - 2 climbers fall 550 m down cliff near Angel Falls, Venezuela
1982 - Canada's Anik D1 comsat launched by US delta rocket.
1984 - Expos Pete Rose ties Ty Cobb with his 3,052nd single
1984 - Soyuz T-12? is launched with a female cosmonaut
1984 - The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson became the first network television show to be broadcast in stereo.
1986 - Kidnappers in Lebanon released the Rev. Lawrence Martin Jenco, an American hostage held for nearly 19 months.
1990 - President Bush signs Americans With Disabilities Act
1991 - Secretary of State James A. Baker III addressed Mongolia's first legislature chosen in multiparty elections, applauding the rise of democracy and promising millions of dollars in aid.
1991 - Paul Reubens (Pee Wee Herman) is arrested in Florida, for exposing himself at an adult movie theater
1992 - England honors her dead soldiers in the Falkland Is war
1992 - Iraq backed down and agreed to allow a U.N. inspection team to look for documentation on weapons of mass destruction.
1993 - Boeing 737-500 crashes in South Korea, 66 killed
1994 - Cambodia's Khmer Rouge surprise attack on train, kills 13
1994 - Turkish air force bombs Kurds, struggle in Iraq, 70 killed
1994 - A dozen people were injured by a bomb blast near the Israeli embassy in London.
1995 - The Senate voted 69-29 to unilaterally lift the U.N. embargo on arms shipments to Bosnia.
1996 - President Clinton rejected a clemency plea from Jonathan Pollard, who'd spent more than 10 years in prison for spying for Israel.
1996 - Amy Van Dyken became the first American woman to win four gold medals at a single Olympics as she captured the 50-meter freestyle in Atlanta.
1999 - Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and her Russian counterpart, Igor Ivanov, announced a second Washington-Moscow hot line would be installed to help avoid misunderstandings like those that had developed over Kosovo.
2000 - George W. Bush and his just-chosen running mate, Dick Cheney, set out on their first joint campaign excursion as they visited Cheney's former hometown of Casper, Wyo.
2000 - A federal judge in New York approved a $1.25 billion settlement between Swiss banks and more than a half million plaintiffs who alleged the banks had hoarded money deposited by Holocaust victims.
2000 - In a major victory for the recording industry, a federal judge ordered Napster to stop allowing the digital trading of copyrighted music over its Web site.
Birthdays Today
1678 - Joseph I Habsburg, German king/Roman catholic emperor (1705-11)
1739 - George Clinton, (D-R) 4th VP (1805-12).
1782 - John Field, Dublin Ireland, pianist/composer (Nocturnes)
1791 - Franz Xavier Wolfgang Mozart, 6th child of Austrian composer WAM
1796 - George Catlin, US, author/painter (American Indian scenes)
1799 - Isaac Babbitt, US inventor of babbitt's metal for bearings.
1805 - Constantine Brumidi, artist (Myrtle Murdock)
1856 - George Bernard Shaw, Dublin Ire, dramatist (Pygmalion-Nobel 1925)
1874 - Serge Koussevitzky, Vishny-Volotchok, Russia conductor (Boston Symp)
1875 - Carl Gustav Jung, Switzerland, doctor (founded analytic psychology)
1892 - 'Sad' Sam Jones (baseball)
1894 - Aldous Huxley (philosopher, satirist, author: Brave New World, Crome Yellow, Point Counter Point)
1895 - Robert Graves, London England, writer/poet (I Claudius)
1906 - Gracie Allen (vaudeville, radio, TV, stage actress w/husband, George Burns: The Burns and Allen Show; College Swing, Honolulu, Two Girls and a Sailor, We're Not Dressing)
1908 - Salvador Allende Gossens, Chile's last elected president (1970-73).
1912 - Vivian Vance (Jones) (Emmy Award-winning actress: I Love Lucy [1953]; The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour, Lucy in Connecticut, The Lucy Show)
1914 - Erskine Hawkins ('20th Century Gabriel': musician: trumpet: bandleader: Dolemite, No Soap, Uptown Shuffle; composer: Tuxedo Junction [w/Julian Dash, Bill Johnson])
1920 - Bob Waterfield, NFL quarterback (Rams).
1921 - Marjorie Lord (actress: The Danny Thomas Show, Sweet Surrender, Boy, Did I Get a Wrong Number!, Riding High, Sherlock Holmes in Washington)
1922 - Blake Edwards (McEdwards) (director: The Pink Panther, 10, Victor/Victoria, Breakfast at Tiffany's, Days of Wine and Roses, Switch, Peter Gunn)
1922 - Jason Robards, Jr. (actor: A Boy and His Dog, The Adventures of Huck Finn, Philadelphia, All the President's Men, Tora! Tora! Tora!, The St. Valentine's Day Massacre; son of actor, Jason Robards, Sr.)
1923 - Hoyt Wilhelm (baseball: Chicago White Sox pitcher: pitched more games than any other pitcher in the major leagues [1,070])
1924 - Louie Bellson (Balassoni) (musician: drummer: Duke Ellington Band: drum solo: Skin Deep; composer: The Hawk Talks, I Need Your Key, Carnaby Street; music director for wife, Pearl Bailey; also played with Dorsey Brothers and Count Basie bands)
1926 - James Best (actor: Ode to Billy Joe, The Naked and the Dead, Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair)
1928 - Stanley Kubrick (director: 2001: A Space Odyssey, Spartacus, Dr. Strangelove, The Shining, Full Metal Jacket, A Clockwork Orange, Lolita, Paths of Glory)
1929 - Jean Shepherd, humorist (Playboy satire Award 1966, 1967, 1969)
1939 - Bobby Lilly (Pro Football Hall of Famer: Dallas Cowboys defensive tackle: Super Bowl V, VI)
1940 - Bobby Rousseau (hockey)
1940 - Mary Jo Kopechne, Ted Kennedy's driving buddy
1941 - Bobby Hebb (Grammy Award-winning songwriter: A Natural Man [1971]; singer: Sunny; Grand Ole Opry at age 12)
1943 - Dobie Gray (Leonard Ainsworth) (singer: Drift Away, Look at Me, Loving Arms, You Can Do It; singer, songwriter: The 'In' Crowd)
1943 - Mick (Michael) Jagger (singer: group: The Rolling Stones: 41 hits [1964-89], 5 gold records, 8 number one hits [U.S.]: (I Can't Get No) Satisfaction, Get Off of My Cloud, Paint It, Black, Ruby Tuesday, Honky Tonk Women, Brown Sugar, Angie, Miss You; Rock and Roll Hall of Famer)
1944 - Kiel Martin (actor: Hill Street Blues, Second Chance, Panic in Needle Park, Convicted: A Mother's Story)
1944 - Micki (Maxine) King (International Women's Sports Hall of Famer; Olympic gold medalist: diver [1972]; Air Force Academy diving coach)
1945 - Linda Harrison, in Berlin
1946 - Helen Mirren (actress: Prime Suspect, The Hawk, White Knights)
1950 - Susan George (actress: Straw Dogs, Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde [the musical], Jack the Ripper, Mandingo, Dirty Mary, Crazy Larry)
1951 - Rick Martin (hockey)
1954 - Vitas Gerulaitis (tennis champion: Australian Open [1977])
1956 - Dorothy Hamill (Olympic Hall of Famer, Olympic Gold Medallist ice skater [1976]; U.S. Ice Skating Champion [1974-1976])
1959 - Kevin Spacey, South Orange NJ, actor (Dad, Henry & June, Darrow)
1966 - Jennifer Ashe (actress: As the World Turns)
Famous deaths
0796 - Offa, king of Mercia (75.-796)
0811 - Nicephorus I, Byzantine Emperor (802-11), dies in battle
1533 - Atahualpo, Inca ruler, dies
1541 - Francisco Pizarro, Spanish explorer, murdered in Lima
1680 - John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, poet/courtier, dies
1863 - Samuel Houston, 1st Pres of Rep of Texas (1836-38, 41-44), dies at 70
1925 - William Jennings Bryan, lawyer (Scopes-monkey trial), dies at 65
1952 - Maria Eva "Evita" Duarte Peron, Argentina's 1st lady, dies of cancer at 33
1973 - Mike Burke, Pres (NY Yankees)/dir (Madison Sq Garden), dies
1984 - Ed Gein, mass murderer (movie "Psycho" based on him), dies at 78
1986 - Averell Harriman, statesman, dies in Yorktown Heights, NY at 94
1992 - Motown singer/songwriter Mary Wells died of cancer at age 49.
1993 - Matthew B Ridgway, US Army Chief of Staff (1953-55), dies at 98
If you have other Birthdays or events to add for this day please E-mail me
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