Today in
History ~ July 25
Guancaste Day in Costa Rica
Feast of St James in Spain
Events
1261 - Byzantium Emperor Michael VIII recaptures Constantinople
1360 - Jews are expelled from Breslau Silesia
1519 - San Cristob l de la Habana forms in Cuba
1521 - About 300 heretics burned in Vrijdagmarkt Gent
1585 - Amsterdam bans 45 Roman Catholics
1593 - France's King Henry IV converted from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.
1670 - Austrian Emperor Leopold I expels 4,000 Jews from Vienna
1729 - North Carolina becomes a royal colony
1759 - British capture Fort Niagara from French (7 Years' War)
1775 - Maryland issues currency depicting George III trampling Magna Carta
1799 - French-Egyptian forces under Napolean I beat Turks at Battle of Abukir
1814 - Battle of Niagara Falls (Lundy's Lane); Americans defeat British
1814 - George Stephenson introduced the 1st steam locomotive
1835 - Ibrahim Pasha's army attacks Jewish settlers of Hebron Palestine
1850 - Gold discovered in Oregon (Rogue River)
1861 - Crittenden resolution is passed stating that the Civil War is to be fought to preserve the union & uphold the
Constitution not to abolish slavery
1863 - Skirmish at Barbee's Crossroads, Virginia
1866 - David Faragut appointed as 1st admiral of US Navy
1866 - Ulysses S. Grant was elevated to General of the U.S. Army, first American officer to reach that rank.
1868 - US Congress forms Wyoming Territory (Dakota, Utah & Idaho)
1868 - Congress passed an act creating the Wyoming Territory.
1871 - Carousel patents by Wilhelm Schneider Davenport, Iowa
1898 - 1st US troops land & occupy Puerto Rico, at Guanica Bay, during the Spanish American war. Puerto Rico was one of Spain's two principle possessions in the Caribbean there was little resistance with 7 deaths
1909 - French aviator Louis Bleriot flew across the English Channel in a monoplane, traveling from Calais to Dover in 37 minutes.
1914 - Germany soc-democrat "No German blood for Austrian tyrant"
1917 - Mata Hari sentenced to death, [H]
1934 - Failed Nazi coup in Austria
1938 - Jewish artisans not allowed in Germany
1941 - FDR bans selling benzine/gasoline to Japan
1942 - German troops strike at Tsym Lyanskaja
1943 - With American and British forces racing across Sicily, Italian King Emmanuel III acting under the recommendation of the Fascist Grand Council, dismissed Fascist leader Benito Mussolini and placed him under arrest.
1944 - 1st jet fighter used in combat (Messerschmitt 262)
1944 - Japanse kamikaze attack on Guam
1944 - USAF kills 136 wounds 621 GI's during jailbreak behind German lines at St-Lo
1944 - Bing Crosby and the Andrews Sisters recorded Cole Porter's "Don't Fence Me In" in Los Angeles for Decca Records.
1946 - the United States detonated an atomic bomb at Bikini Atoll in the Pacific in the first underwater test of the device.
1947 - US Air Force, Navy & War Dept form US Dept of Defense
1952 - Puerto Rico became a self-governing commonwealth of the United States.
1956 - One hour before midnight the Swedish ocean liner Stockholm collided with the Italian liner Andrea Doria off the coast of Nantucket. Both ships were equipped with radar and authorities were puzzled as to the cause of the accident that left fifty-two people dead. Although the Stockholm made it back to port, the Andrea Doria foundered and sank completely.
[H]
1957 - Monarchy in Tunisia abolished in favor of a republic
1960 - US Republican convention nominates Nixon for president
1962 - House passes bill requiring equal pay for equal work regardless of sex
1963 - US, Russia & England sign nuclear Test ban treaty
1964 - Race riot in Rochester NY
1966 - Mao Tse Tung swims Yangtse River
1968 - Pope Paul VI encyclical against On regulation of birth (condemning birth control pills)
1969 - Edward Kennedy pleads guilty to leaving scene of an accident a week after the Chappaquiddick car accident that killed Mary Jo Kopechne
1972 - US health officials concede blacks were used as guinea pigs in 40 year syphilis experiment in
Tuskegee
1975 - "A Chorus Line," longest-running Broadway show (6,137), premieres
1978 - Bob Dylan booed off Newport Folk Festival for using electric guitar
1978 - Louise Joy Brown, the first test tube baby, was born in Oldham, England. She was conceived through in-vitro fertilization.
Actually, test-tube is a misnomer: she was actually conceived in a petrie dish
1983 - 1st non-human primate (baboon) conceived in a lab dish San Antonio
1983 - Washington Public Power Supply System defaulted $2.25 billion
1985 - Spokeswoman for Rock Hudson confirmed that the actor, hospitalized in Paris, was suffering from AIDS. (Hudson died the following October.)
1986 - Former Navy radioman Jerry Whitworth was convicted of selling U.S.
military secrets to the Soviets through the John Walker spy ring. The government
called it the most damaging espionage since World War II.
1986 - Sikhs extremist kill 16 hindus in Muhktsar India
1990 - Roseanne Barr sparked controversy with an off-key rendition of the "Star-Spangled Banner," during a double-header at Jack Murphy Stadium in San
Diego, grabs crotch and spits
1990 - US Ambassador tells Iraq US won't take sides in Iraq-Kuwait dispute
1991 - A deadline for Iraq to provide full details of its weapons of mass destruction passed, with U.S. officials indicating military action was not imminent.
1991 - Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev urged Communist leaders at a Central Committee meeting to reject "outdated ideological dogmas" and embrace a market economy.
1992 - Opening ceremonies were held in Barcelona, Spain, for the 1992 Summer
Olympics.
1992 - Army refuses to overturn 127 year old conviction against Dr Samuel Mudd (Lincoln plot)
1993 - Israeli offensive against terrorist bases in South Lebanon
1994 - Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Jordan's King Hussein signed a declaration at the White House ending their countries' 46-year-old formal state of war.
1995 - A bomb exploded on a Paris subway, killing seven people and injuring at least 60.
1996 - Divers searching the wreckage of TWA Flight 800 off Long Island recovered the flight data and cockpit voice recorders.
1997 - Autumn Jackson, the young woman who claimed to be Bill Cosby's
out-of-wedlock daughter, was convicted by a federal jury in New York of trying
to extort $40 million dollars from the entertainer
1999 - Cyclist Lance Armstrong having overcome testicular cancer that had spread
to his brain became the first American on an American team to win the Tour de
France.
1999 - The Woodstock '99 music festival in Rome, N.Y., ended in fires and looting.
2000 - A New York-bound Air France Concorde crashed outside Paris shortly after takeoff, killing all 109 people on board and four people on the ground; it was the first-ever crash of the supersonic jet.
2000 - Texas Gov. George W. Bush selected Dick Cheney to be his running mate.
2000 - The Middle East summit at Camp David collapsed.
2001 - Three masked men gunned down Phoolan Devi, India's onetime "Bandit
Queen," killing the outlaw-turned-legislator who was idolized by the poor
as a champion of the lower castes.
Birthdays
Today
1109 - Afonso I, the Conqueror king of Portugal (1143-85)
1575 - Christoph Scheiner, Germany astronomer
1750 - Revolutionary War Gen. Henry Knox
1775 - Anna Harrison (Symmes) (wife of 9th U.S. President Benjamin Harrison)
1795 - James Barry female disguised as a man, surgeon general (British army)
1844 - Thomas Eakins (realist painter: Walt Whitman, The Thinker, The Clinic of Dr. Gross, The Clinic of Dr. Agnew, Max Schmitt in a Single Scull)
1884 - Davidson Black Canada doctor of anatomy (identified Peking Man)
1885 - Benito Lynch Irish/Argentine writer (Caranchos de la Florida)
1894 - Walter Brennan (Academy Award-winning actor: Come and Get It [1936], Kentucky [1938], The Westerner [1940]; The Tycoon, To Rome with Love, The Real McCoys, The Guns of Will Sonnett; singer: Old Rivers, Dutchman's Gold, Mama Sang a Song)
1902 - Eric Hoffer (political, social philosopher, author: The True Believer, The Ordeal of Change, The Temper of Our Time)
1924 - Estelle Getty (actress: Golden Girls, Golden Palace, Tootsie, Mask, Mannequin; workout video: Young at Heart Body Conditioning)
1926 - Whitey (Carroll) Lockman (baseball: NY Giants first baseman)
1927 - Stanley Dancer (harness racer: Hall of Fame of the Trotter: only driver to win two trotting triple crowns [1968, 1972]; only driver to win the Yonkers Trot, 6 times)
1930 - Maureen Forrester, Montreal Canada, contralto (Ressurection Symphony)
1934 - Don Ellis (Grammy Award-winning jazz musician: trumpet, composer: Theme from the French Connection [1973]; New Nine, 3-3-2-2-2-1-2-2-2, Tears of Joy, Milo's Theme, Star Children; soloist: NY Philharmonic)
1935 - Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi businessman/billionaire/arms dealer
1935 - Barbara Harris (actress: Who is Harry Kellerman and Why is He Saying Those Terrible Things about Me, Dirty Rotten Scoundrels, Peggy Sue Got Married, Plaza Suite, A Thousand Clowns)
1940 - John Pennel (pole-vaulter: 1st to break 17' barrier [1963]: held world record [17'10 3/4"] 1969-73; 1963 Sullivan Award for outstanding amateur athlete of the year)
1941 - Nate Thurmond (Basketball Hall of Famer, San Francisco/Golden State Warriors, Chicago Bulls,
NBA record: 18 rebounds in one quarter [1965])
1943 - Janet Margolin (actress: Annie Hall, The Game of Love, The Triangle Factory Fire Scandal)
1943 - Jim McCarty (musician: drummer: group: Yardbirds: For Your Love; songwriter w/Samwell-Smith: Still I'm Sad; groups: Renaissance, Shoot, Box of Frogs)
1944 - Buddy (Charles) Bradford (baseball)
1945 - Donna Theodore (singer: Art Linkletter's Hollywood Talent Scouts)
1948 - Tony Cline (football)
1951 - Pete Sullivan (hockey)
1954 - Walter Payton (Pro Football Hall of Famer, Super Bowl XX; NFL individual record-holder: rushing yards gained in one game [275] in career [16,726]; touchdowns scored [110] scored)
1957 - Steve Podborski (skier: World Cup Ski Champion)
1978 - Louise Joy Brown, Oldham England, world's 1st "test tube baby" (born under the sign of Pyrex ?)
Famous
deaths
1570 - Ivan Viskovati, chancellor of Russia, executed
1794 - Andre-Marie de Chenier, French poet (Avis aux Francais sur leurs),
guillotined in Paris at age of 32.
1804 - William Forsyth, English gardening expert (Forsythia), dies
1834 - Samuel Taylor Coleridge, British poet, dies at 61
1866 - Aloys Schmitt, German music theory/composer/royal pianist
1922 - Jarolslaw Zielinski, composer, dies at 75
1934 - Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian chancellor assassinated by Nazis
1955 - Ilmari Hannikainen, composer, dies at 62
1966 - Montgomery Clift, movie actor (From Here to Eternity), dies
1969 - Douglas Stuart Moore, composer, dies at 75
1986 - Vincente Minnelli, director (Gigi, Goodbye Charlie), dies in LA at 76
1992 - Actor-singer Alfred Drake died in New York at age 78.
1997 - Ben Hogan, golfer (Masters, Brit Open, US Open-1953), dies at 84
1997 - Dora Maar, Picasso model/companion, dies at 89
If
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