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Today in History ~ July 4
Independence Day in USA
Events1054 - Brightest known super-nova starts shining for 23 days Crab Nebula supernova recorded by Chinese & Japanese astronomers.
1453 - 41 Jewish martyrs burned at stake at Breslau
1636 - City of Providence, Rhode Island form
1653 - British Barebones Parliament goes into session
1776 - The Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence. Declares independence from Britain [H] Bonus
1779 - French fleet occupies Grenada
1789 - 1st US tariff act
1796 - 1st Independence Day celebration is held
1802 - US Military Academy officially opens (West Point, NY)
1804 - Lewis and Clark fire the expedition cannon and order an extra ration of whiskey for the men for the first-ever Fourth of July celebration west of the Mississippi River. [H]
1817 - Construction on Erie Canal begins
1819 - William Herschel makes last telescopic observation comet of 1819.
1827 - Slavery abolished in NY
1828 - Construction begins on B & O (Baltimore-Ohio) 1st US passenger RR
1845 - Texas Congress votes for annexation to US
1845 - Henry David Thoreau began his two-year experiment in simpler living at Walden Pond, near Concord, Mass.
1861 - In a special session of 27th Congress Lincoln requests 400,000 troops
1861 - Skirmish at Harper's Ferry, WV
1862 - Battle at Green River Ky (Morgan's Ohio Raid)
1862 - Battle of Port Royal, SC (Port Royal Ferry)
1862 - Lewis Carroll began inventing the story of Alice in Wonderland for his friend Alice Pleasance Liddell during a boating trip
1863 - Boise, Idaho founded (now capital of Idaho).
1863 - Failed Confederate assault on Helena Arkansas (640 casualties)
1863 - General Lee's army withdraws from Gettysburg
1863 - Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to Union forces, a triumph for the strategy of Union Gen Ulysses Grant. Lincoln immediately considers Grant for head of the Union army. [H]
1864 - -9] Battle at Chattahoochee River, Georgia
1865 - 1st edition of "Alice in Wonderland" is published
1875 - White Democrats kill several blacks in terrorist attacks in Vicksburg
1876 - Batholdi visits Bedloe Island, future home of his Statue of Liberty
1881 - Booker T. Washington's famed Tuskegee Institute was inaugurated in Tuskegee, Alabama.
1882 - Telegraph Hill Observatory opens in San Francisco.
1883 - In North Platte, Nebraska, William Frederick Cody, popularly known as "Buffalo Bill" Cody, held his first "Wild West Show,"
1884 - 1st US bullfight held (Dodge City Ks)
1884 - Statue of Liberty was presented to US in Paris
1889 - Washington state constitutional convention holds 1st meeting.
1894 - Elwood Haynes successfully tests one of the 1st US autos
1894 - Republic of Hawaii established.
1898 - French liner "La Bourgogne" collides with bark Cromartyshire, 560 die
1903 - Pacific Cable (San Francisco, Hawaii, Guam, Philippines) opens. President Roosevelt sends a message to the Philippines, then a message around the world in 12 minutes.
1910 - Jack Johnson KOs James J Jeffries in 15 for heavyweight boxing title
1914 - 1st US motorcycle race (300 miles, Dodge City Ks)
1926 - NSDAP (Nazi) party forms in Weimar
1933 - Work begins on the Oakland Bay Bridge
1939 - Lou Gehrig, baseball's "Iron Horse," said farewell to fans at New York's Yankee Stadium. Yankees retire 1st uniform (Lou Gehrig #4), 1st Old Timers Day
1940 - British destroys French battle fleet at Oran, Algeria, 1267 die
1941 - Howard Florey & Norman Heatley meet for 1st time, 11 days later they successfully recreate penicillin
1941 - Latvian partisans shoot 416 Jews
1942 - The Flying Tigers, a US voluntary air force created to defend China against Japan's bombardment during World War II, was disbanded. It was called Flying Tigers because of the teeth painted on their Curtiss P-40 planes.
1942 - 1st American bombing mission over enemy-occupied Europe (WW2)
1944 - 1,100 US guns fire 4th of July salute at German lines in Normandy
1944 - 1st Japanese kamikaze attack, US fleet near Iwo Jima
1946 - Philippines gains independence from US
1953 - Imre Nagy succeeds Matyas Rokosi as premier of Hungary
1954 - A sensationalized murder trial inspires The Fugitive TV Series
1959 - America's new 49-star flag honoring Alaska statehood unfurled
1960 - America's new 50-star flag honoring Hawaiian statehood unfurled
1960 - Mickey Mantle hits career homer # 300
1965 - Mariner 4 flies past Mars sends 1st close-up photos.
1966 - Beatles attacked in Philippines after insulting Imelda Marcos
1966 - President Lyndon Johnson signed the Freedom of Information Act, which went into effect a year later.
1967 - Freedom of Information Act goes into effect
1976 - Raid on Entebbe - Israeli commandos raided Entebbe airport in Uganda, rescuing almost all of the passengers and crew of an Air France jetliner seized by pro-Palestinian hijackers.
1982 - Fourth Space Shuttle Mission - Columbia 4 returns to Earth
1982 - Jimmy Connors beats John McEnroe for championship at Wimbeldon
1984 - Richard Petty, the king of stock car racing, won his 200th career victory at the Firecracker 400 race in Daytona, Florida, in front of a record crowd that included NASCAR's first presidential patron, Ronald Reagan.
1984 - Yuri Sedykh of USSR throws hammer a record 86.33 m.
1987 - Ten minutes after midnight in France, Klaus Barbie, the former Nazi Gestapo chief of German-occupied Lyons, known as Butcher of Lyons was found guilty of crimes against humanity and sentenced to life imprisonment, France's highest punishment.
1987 - Martina Navaratalova wins her 6th straight Wimbeldon
1990 - Rioting that left three people dead erupted in 30 English towns following England's loss to West Germany in World Cup soccer.
1992 - John Phillips, rocker (Mamas & Papas), undergoes a liver transplant
1996 - Hot Mail, a free internet E-mail service begins
1997 - Seven months' time and 120 million miles from earth, NASA's Mars Pathfinder became the first U.S. spacecraft to land on Mars in more than two decades
1999 - White supremacist Benjamin Nathaniel Smith shot himself to death as police closed in on him in southern Illinois, hours after he apparently shot and killed a Korean man outside a church in Bloomington, Ind. (Smith had been on a three-day rampage targeting minorities.)
Birthdays Today
1753 - Jean-Pierre-Francois Blanchard, 1st balloon flights in England, US
1804 - Nathaniel Hawthorne, Mass, author (House of 7 Gables, Scarlet Letter)
1807 - Giuseppe Garibaldi, freedom fighter (Risorgimento)/unified Italy
1810 - Phineas T Barnum, circus magnate
1826 - Stephen Foster (song writer of about 200 songs including: Oh! Susannah, Camptown Races, Old Folks at Home [Swanee River], Jeannie with the Light Brown Hair, Beautiful Dreamer)
1828 - James Johnston Pettigrew, scholar/teacher/Brig General (Confederate Army)
1867 - Stephen Mather, organizer of the US National Park Service.
1872 - Calvin Coolidge, (R) 30th pres (1923-29)
1878 - George M. Cohan The Yankee Doodle Boy
1883 - Alan Brooke, English general
1883 - Maximilian Oseyevich Shteynberg, composer
1883 - Rube Goldberg (inventor of elaborate, involved contraptions that accomplish simple tasks; cartoonist)
1900 - Louis "Satchmo" Armstrong, New Orleans LA, jazz musician
1902 - George Murphy (actor: This is the Army, Little Miss Broadway, For Me and My Gal; politician: U.S. Senator)
1902 - George Murphy, actor dancer Calif Sen
1902 - Meyer Lansky, mobster (Started numbers)
1911 - Mitch Miller (record company executive, producer, arranger: Columbia, Mercury; musician & instrumentalist: Tzena, Tzena, Tzena, The Yellow Rose of Texas, March from The River Kwai; Sing Along with Mitch LPs and TV show)
1913 - Virginia Graham (Komiss) (TV hostess: The Strawhatters; panelist: Where Was I?)
1916 - Tokyo Rose, [Iva Toguri D'Aquino], propagandist (WW II)
1918 - Abigail Van Buren (Pauline Esther Friedman) (advice columnist; twin sister of Ann Landers)
1918 - Ann Landers (Esther Pauline Friedman) (advice columnist; twin sister of Abigail Van Buren)
1920 - Leona Helmsley, (wife of Harry), real estate billionaire/tax cheat
1921 - Gerard Debreu, French economist (Nobel 1983).
1924 - Eva Marie Saint (Academy Award-winning actress: On the Waterfront [1954]; North by Northwest, Exodus, Raintree County)
1927 - Neil (Marvin) Simon (Tony Award-winning playwright: The Odd Couple [1965], Lost in Yonkers [and Pulitzer Prize: 1991]; The Sunshine Boys, Barefoot in the Park, The Goodbye Girl, California Suite, Plaza Suite, Seems like Old Times, Prisoner of Second Avenue)
1928 - Cathy Berberian, Armenia, US singer
1928 - Gina Lollobrigida (actress: Trapeze, Belles de Nuit, Solomon and Sheba, Strange Bedfellows, Come September) /photographer Italy
1928 - Stephen Boyd, [William Millar], Ire, actor (Fantastic Voyage, Ben-Hur)
1929 - Al Davis (football general manager: Oakland Raiders; only one in pro football to be scout, ass't coach, head coach, gen'l mgr, league commissioner and owner)
1929 - Chuck Tanner (baseball: manager: Pittsburgh Pirates)
1930 - George Steinbrenner (shipping magnate, baseball team owner: New York Yankees)
1937 - Ray Pillow (singer: Take Your Hands Off My Heart, Thank You Ma'am, I'll Take The Dog, Volkswagon, Gone with the Wine)
1937 - Rosey (Roosevelt) Taylor (football: Washington Redskins safety: Super Bowl VII)
1938 - Bill Withers (Grammy Award-winning songwriter, singer: Ain't No Sunshine [1971], Lean on Me, Use Me)
1940 - Pat Stapleton (hockey)
1942 - Floyd Little (football)
1943 - Emerson Boozer (football: NY Jets running back: Super Bowl III)
1946 - Michael Milken, LA Calif, partner (Intl Capital Access Group)
1946 - Ron Kovic, disabled vietnam vet (Born on 4th of July)
1949 - Joyce Brothers, psychologist/author/columnis
1955 - John Waite (singer: Missing You, Tears; group: The Babys: Isn't It Time, Everytime I Think of You, Back on My Feet Again)
1960 - Signy Coleman (actress: The Young and the Restless)
1962 - Pam Shriver (tennis: grand slam doubles winner [1984]; w/ Martina Navratilova won 7 Australian, 4 French, 5 Wimbledon, 4 U.S. Opens [1981-1989])
Famous deaths
1519 - Johann Tetzel, (German?) monk, dies at about 79
1623 - William Byrd, English composer (Ave verum corpus), dies at 80
1826 - Thomas Jefferson (3rd US president) and John Adams (2nd US president) both died on the same day: the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. [H]
1831 - James Monroe, 5th president (1817-25), dies at 73
1863 - Paul Joseph Revere, US grandson of Paul Revere/Union brig-gen, dies from wounds at Gettysburg
1934 - "Madame" Marie Curie-Sklodovska, Polish/French chemist, dies
1973 - Leonid Stein, Russian chess player, dies at about 39
1995 - Eva Gabor, actress (Green Acres), dies at 74
1995 - Richard "Pancho" Gonzalez, tennis great, dies of stomach cancer at 67
1997 - Charles Kuralt, news anchor (CBS Sunday Morning), dies at 62
If you have other Birthdays or events to add for this day please E-mail me
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